Daily rehabilitation training method of upper limb prosthetic (prosthetic hand)

Scientists believe that the hand is the most distinctive organ of the human body, and the human hand is the perfect tool that nature can create. At the same time, the rehabilitation of hand amputation is also the most difficult problem in the field of artificial limb rehabilitation, because the function of the hand is obviously superior to that of the lower limbs. Human fingers are very sensitive and can feel the vibration with an amplitude of only 0.00002 mm. There is a long way to go to achieve such an effect. With the development of science and technology, the rehabilitation of hand amputation patients has also improved. At present, there are two main programs for hand prosthetic rehabilitation, decorative and functional. So, how can patients with such prostheses use prosthetic hands flexibly? Today, the editor will explain to you what you need to know in daily use.

1) Decorative artificial limbs, generally as long as the residual limb receiving cavity is suitable, the suspension device is no problem, and no training is required, but the first-time installer should learn how to wear it, passively rotate the wrist, and passively change the position of the finger. Those with upper arm amputees should learn to use passively controlled elbow locks.

2) Cable controlled upper limb prostheses and electric upper limb prostheses (including myoelectric prostheses) are all functional prostheses. The difference is that the former is self-powered while the latter is external power. In order to improve the use function of these prosthetic limbs, correct use guidance and training are required.

1. Take off the prosthesis training

When wearing, the residual limb is first inserted into the access cavity, and then the prosthesis is connected to the shoulder strap, and the sequence is reversed when removing.

2. Prosthetic manipulation training

Opening and closing hand training: The opening of the cable-controlled prosthesis depends on the strong forward bending of the shoulders, and the prosthetic hand is closed by elastic force when no force is used. The upper arm cable control prosthetic hand must lock the elbow joint in order to open the hand. Forearm myoelectric prostheses are often used by amputees to perform phantom limb exercises to forcefully open the hand, extend the wrist to control the opening of the hand, force the fingers to bend, and bend the wrist to control the closing of the hand.

(3) Training for the use of prostheses: The function of human hands is a process of complex sensory feedback and coordinated muscle movement. If the artificial hand function is really required to be of practical value, it must be carefully trained.

The myoelectric prosthetic hand is driven by a micro DC motor through a gear transmission mechanism to assist the fingers of the patient's hand movement. It is characterized in that: two EMG signal collection electrodes are set to fit the area where the EMG signal of the patient's arm is relatively active, and the EMG signals representing the opening and closing of the fingers are collected respectively, and the two EMG signals are input to the device including The control module, including the single-chip microcomputer and the motor drive circuit, outputs the opening and closing signals of the prosthetic hand by the single-chip microcomputer. The micro DC motor is driven to rotate forward or reverse through the motor drive circuit, and the prosthetic hand is closed or opened through the gear transmission mechanism to drive the patient's hand. The department does opening and closing movements. Therefore, the correct placement of the EMG sensor on the part with strong EMG signal selected by the technician is the most important point for the flexible use of EMG prosthetic hands.